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Compare Spratly Islands (2005) - French Polynesia (2001)

Compare Spratly Islands (2005) z French Polynesia (2001)

 Spratly Islands (2005)French Polynesia (2001)
 Spratly IslandsFrench Polynesia
Administrative divisions - none (overseas territory of France); there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are 5 archipelagic divisions named Archipel des Marquises, Archipel des Tuamotu, Archipel des Tubuai, Iles du Vent, and Iles Sous-le-Vent

note:
Clipperton Island is administered by France from French Polynesia
Age structure - 0-14 years:
29.74% (male 38,473; female 36,925)

15-64 years:
65.17% (male 86,128; female 79,076)

65 years and over:
5.09% (male 6,481; female 6,423) (2001 est.)
Agriculture - products - coconuts, vanilla, vegetables, fruits; poultry, beef, dairy products
Airports 3 (2004 est.) 45 (2000 est.)
Airports - with paved runways total: 2


914 to 1,523 m: 1


less than 914 m: 1 (2004 est.)		 total:
32

over 3,047 m:
2

1,524 to 2,437 m:
5

914 to 1,523 m:
19

under 914 m:
6 (2000 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways total: 1


914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2004 est.)		 total:
13

914 to 1,523 m:
3

under 914 m:
10 (2000 est.)
Area total: less than 5 sq km


land: less than 5 sq km


water: 0 sq km


note: includes 100 or so islets, coral reefs, and sea mounts scattered over an area of nearly 410,000 sq km of the central South China Sea		 total:
4,167 sq km (118 islands and atolls)

land:
3,660 sq km

water:
507 sq km
Area - comparative NA slightly less than one-third the size of Connecticut
Background The Spratly Islands consist of more than 100 small islands or reefs. They are surrounded by rich fishing grounds and potentially by gas and oil deposits. They are claimed in their entirety by China, Taiwan, and Vietnam, while portions are claimed by Malaysia and the Philippines. About 45 islands are occupied by relatively small numbers of military forces from China, Malaysia, the Philippines, Taiwan, and Vietnam. Brunei has established a fishing zone that overlaps a southern reef, but has not made any formal claim. The French annexed various Polynesian island groups during the 19th century. In September 1995, France stirred up widespread protests by resuming nuclear testing on the Mururoa atoll after a three-year moratorium. The tests were suspended in January 1996.
Birth rate - 18.6 births/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Budget - revenues:
$1 billion

expenditures:
$900 million, including capital expenditures of $185 million (1996)
Capital - Papeete
Climate tropical tropical, but moderate
Coastline 926 km 2,525 km
Constitution - 28 September 1958 (French Constitution)
Country name conventional long form: none


conventional short form: Spratly Islands		 conventional long form:
Territory of French Polynesia

conventional short form:
French Polynesia

local long form:
Territoire de la Polynesie Francaise

local short form:
Polynesie Francaise

former:
French Colony of Oceania
Currency - Comptoirs Francais du Pacifique franc (XPF)
Death rate - 4.45 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Debt - external - $NA
Dependency status - overseas territory of France since 1946
Diplomatic representation from the US - none (overseas territory of France)
Diplomatic representation in the US - none (overseas territory of France)
Disputes - international all of the Spratly Islands are claimed by China, Taiwan, and Vietnam; parts of them are claimed by Malaysia and the Philippines; in 1984, Brunei established an exclusive fishing zone that encompasses Louisa Reef in the southern Spratly Islands but has not publicly claimed the reef; claimants in November 2002 signed the "Declaration on the Conduct of Parties in the South China Sea," which has eased tensions but falls short of a legally binding "code of conduct"; in March 2005, the national oil companies of China, the Philippines, and Vietnam signed a joint accord to conduct marine seismic activities in the Spratlys none
Economic aid - recipient - $367 million (1997)
Economy - overview Economic activity is limited to commercial fishing. The proximity to nearby oil- and gas-producing sedimentary basins suggests the potential for oil and gas deposits, but the region is largely unexplored; there are no reliable estimates of potential reserves; commercial exploitation has yet to be developed. Since 1962, when France stationed military personnel in the region, French Polynesia has changed from a subsistence economy to one in which a high proportion of the work force is either employed by the military or supports the tourist industry. Tourism accounts for about one-fourth of GDP and is a primary source of hard currency earnings. The small manufacturing sector primarily processes agricultural products. The territory benefited from a five-year (1994-98) development agreement with France aimed principally at creating new jobs.
Electricity - consumption - 399.9 million kWh (1999)
Electricity - exports - 0 kWh (1999)
Electricity - imports - 0 kWh (1999)
Electricity - production - 430 million kWh (1999)
Electricity - production by source - fossil fuel:
51.16%

hydro:
48.84%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0% (1999)
Elevation extremes lowest point: South China Sea 0 m


highest point: unnamed location on Southwest Cay 4 m		 lowest point:
Pacific Ocean 0 m

highest point:
Mont Orohena 2,241 m
Environment - current issues NA NA
Ethnic groups - Polynesian 78%, Chinese 12%, local French 6%, metropolitan French 4%
Exchange rates - Comptoirs Francais du Pacifique francs (XPF) per US dollar - 127.11 (January 2001), 129.44 (2000), 111.93 (1999), 107.25 (1998), 106.11 (1997), 93.00 (1996); note - pegged at the rate of 119.25 XPF to the euro
Executive branch - chief of state:
President Jacques CHIRAC of France (since 17 May 1995), represented by High Commissioner of the Republic Paul RONCIERE (since NA 1994)

head of government:
President of the Territorial Government of French Polynesia Gaston FLOSSE (since 4 April 1991); President of the Territorial Assembly Justin ARAPARI (since 13 May 1996)

cabinet:
Council of Ministers; president submits a list of members of the Territorial Assembly for approval by them to serve as ministers

elections:
French president elected by popular vote for a seven-year term; high commissioner appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of Interior; president of the Territorial Government and the president of the Territorial Assembly are elected by the members of the assembly
Exports - $205 million (f.o.b., 1999)
Exports - commodities - cultured pearls 50%, coconut products, mother-of-pearl, vanilla, shark meat (1997)
Exports - partners - Japan 62%, US 21% (1999)
Fiscal year - calendar year
Flag description - two narrow red horizontal bands encase a wide white band; centered on the white band is a disk with blue and white wave pattern on the lower half and gold and white ray pattern on the upper half; a stylized red, blue and white ship rides on the wave pattern; the French flag is used for official occasions
GDP - purchasing power parity - $2.6 billion (1997 est.)
GDP - composition by sector - agriculture:
4%

industry:
18%

services:
78% (1997)
GDP - per capita - purchasing power parity - $10,800 (1997 est.)
GDP - real growth rate - 2.5% (1997 est.)
Geographic coordinates 8 38 N, 111 55 E 15 00 S, 140 00 W
Geography - note strategically located near several primary shipping lanes in the central South China Sea; includes numerous small islands, atolls, shoals, and coral reefs includes five archipelagoes; Makatea in French Polynesia is one of the three great phosphate rock islands in the Pacific Ocean - the others are Banaba (Ocean Island) in Kiribati and Nauru
Highways - total:
792 km

paved:
264 km

unpaved:
528 km (2000)
Household income or consumption by percentage share - lowest 10%:
NA%

highest 10%:
NA%
Imports - $749 million (f.o.b., 1999)
Imports - commodities - fuels, foodstuffs, equipment
Imports - partners - France 53%, US 13%, Australia 10% (1999)
Independence - none (overseas territory of France)
Industrial production growth rate - NA%
Industries - tourism, pearls, agricultural processing, handicrafts
Infant mortality rate - 9.12 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) - 1.5% (1994)
International organization participation - ESCAP (associate), FZ, ICFTU, SPC, WMO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) - 2 (2000)
Irrigated land 0 sq km (1998 est.) NA sq km
Judicial branch - Court of Appeal or Cour d'Appel; Court of the First Instance or Tribunal de Premiere Instance; Court of Administrative Law or Tribunal Administratif
Labor force - 70,000 (1996)
Labor force - by occupation - agriculture 13%, industry 19%, services 68% (1997)
Land boundaries 0 km 0 km
Land use arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100% (2001)		 arable land:
1%

permanent crops:
6%

permanent pastures:
5%

forests and woodland:
31%

other:
57% (1993 est.)
Languages - French (official), Tahitian (official)
Legal system - based on French system
Legislative branch - unicameral Territorial Assembly or Assemblee Territoriale (41 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)

elections:
last held 12 May 1996 (next to be held NA 2001)

election results:
percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - People's Rally for the Republic (Gaullist) 22, Independent Front for the Liberation of Polynesia 10, New Fatherland Party 5, other 4

note:
one seat was elected to the French Senate on 24 September 1989 (next to be held NA September 1998); results - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - UC 1; two seats were elected to the French National Assembly on 25 May - 1 June 1997 (next to be held NA 2002); results - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - People's Rally for the Republic (Gaullist) 2
Life expectancy at birth - total population:
75.01 years

male:
72.67 years

female:
77.46 years (2001 est.)
Literacy - definition:
age 14 and over can read and write

total population:
98%

male:
98%

female:
98% (1977 est.)
Location Southeastern Asia, group of reefs and islands in the South China Sea, about two-thirds of the way from southern Vietnam to the southern Philippines Oceania, archipelago in the South Pacific Ocean, about one-half of the way from South America to Australia
Map references Southeast Asia Oceania
Maritime claims NA exclusive economic zone:
200 NM

territorial sea:
12 NM
Merchant marine - total:
4 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 5,240 GRT/7,765 DWT

ships by type:
cargo 1, passenger/cargo 2, refrigerated cargo 1 (2000 est.)
Military - note Spratly Islands consist of more than 100 small islands or reefs, of which about 45 are claimed and occupied by China, Malaysia, the Philippines, Taiwan, and Vietnam defense is the responsibility of France
Military branches - French Forces (includes Army, Navy, Air Force), Gendarmerie
National holiday - Bastille Day, 14 July (1789)
Nationality - noun:
French Polynesian(s)

adjective:
French Polynesian
Natural hazards typhoons; serious maritime hazard because of numerous reefs and shoals occasional cyclonic storms in January
Natural resources fish, guano, undetermined oil and natural gas potential timber, fish, cobalt, hydropower
Net migration rate - 3.09 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Political parties and leaders - Centrist Union or UC [leader NA]; Independent Front for the Liberation of Polynesia (Tavini Huiraatira) [Oscar TEMARU]; New Fatherland Party (Ai'a Api) [Emile VERNAUDON]; People's Rally for the Republic (Tahoeraa Huiraatira) [Gaston FLOSSE]
Political pressure groups and leaders - NA
Population no indigenous inhabitants


note: there are scattered garrisons occupied by personnel of several claimant states (2004)		 253,506 (July 2001 est.)
Population below poverty line - NA%
Population growth rate - 1.72% (2001 est.)
Ports and harbors none; offshore anchorage only Mataura, Papeete, Rikitea, Uturoa
Radio broadcast stations - AM 2, FM 14, shortwave 2 (1998)
Radios - 128,000 (1997)
Railways - 0 km
Religions - Protestant 54%, Roman Catholic 30%, other 16%
Sex ratio - at birth:
1.05 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.04 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
1.09 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
1.01 male(s)/female

total population:
1.07 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
Suffrage - 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system - general assessment:
NA

domestic:
NA

international:
satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use - 52,000 (1997)
Telephones - mobile cellular - 5,427 (1997)
Television broadcast stations - 7 (plus 17 low-power repeaters) (1997)
Terrain flat mixture of rugged high islands and low islands with reefs
Total fertility rate - 2.23 children born/woman (2001 est.)
Unemployment rate - 15% (1992 est.)
Waterways - none
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